[Linux] 設定 Objective-C 開發環境及教學資料 @ Ubuntu 9.10

差不多該學學 Objective-C 了，手邊也有 iphone 及相關的環境可開發，剩下只有懶散的心情要整頓。至於什麼是 Objective-C ，可以先看看維基百科的介紹，我覺得還滿詳盡的，甚至英文版還有介紹從 C/C++ 跨到 Objective-C 的範例程式，真的就乾心哩，看程式比看英文快上十倍啊。

• Objective-C - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia


• Objective-C - 維基百科，自由的百科全書

跟 iphone 開發相關的網頁介紹：

• Introduction to The Objective-C Programming Language


• Objective-C Runtime Programming Guide


• Objective-C Runtime Reference

其他相關的教學

• Objective-C Beginner's Guide (中英版)


• Objective-C GNUstep Base Programming Manual

接著，就只剩環境架設的部分，

在 Ubuntu 9.10 最簡化版：

1. 安裝相關套件
   
   
   
   • # sudo apt-get install gnustep-devel
   
   
   • The following extra packages will be installed:
       gnustep-back-common gnustep-back0.16 gnustep-back0.16-art gnustep-base-doc gnustep-core-devel gnustep-core-doc gnustep-gpbs gnustep-gui-common
       gnustep-gui-doc gnustep-gui-runtime gnustep-make-doc gorm.app libaspell-dev libaudiofile-dev libgif-dev libgnustep-gui-dev libgnustep-gui0.16
       libjpeg62-dev libpng12-dev librenaissance0 librenaissance0-dev libtiff4-dev libtiffxx0c2 projectcenter.app projectmanager.app zlib1g-dev
   
   
   
   


2. 安裝完就能用 gcc 進行編譯囉
   
   
   
   • # gcc -lgnustep-base -lpthread -lobjc -lm -I/usr/local/include/GNUstep -I/usr/include/GNUstep source.m -o source_run
   
   
   
   


3. 參考資料
   
   
   
   • [ubuntu] how do I compile objective C on ubuntu - Ubuntu Forums
   
   
   • 文章建議安裝： build-essential s, gobjc, gnustep-common, gnustep-devel, and libgnustep-base-dev.
   
   
   
   

使用 Makefile 的教學：

1. 建立 GNUmakefile
   
   
   
   • GNUSTEP_MAKEFILES = /usr/share/GNUstep/Makefiles/
     
     include $(GNUSTEP_MAKEFILES)/common.make
     TOOL_NAME = LogTest
     LogTest_OBJC_FILES = source.m
     include $(GNUSTEP_MAKEFILES)/tool.make
   
   
   • 最上頭那段是我自己加的，網路上大部分的文件都是使用 shell 來設置環境變數
     
     
     
     • C shell
       
       
       
       • # source <GNUstep root>/System/Library/Makefiles/GNUstep.csh
       
       
       
       
     
     
     • Bourne shell
       
       
       
       • # . <GNUstep root>/System/Library/Makefiles/GNUstep.sh
       
       
       
       
     
     
     
     
   
   
   
   


2. 建立 source.m
   
   
   
   
   • #include <stdio.h>
     
     /*
     * The next #include line is generally present in all Objective-C
     * source files that use GNUstep.  The Foundation.h header file
     * includes all the other standard header files you need.
     */
     #include <Foundation/Foundation.h>  
     
     /*
     * Declare the Test class that implements the class method (classStringValue).
     */
     @interface Test
     + (const char *) classStringValue;
     @end
     
     /*
     * Define the Test class and the class method (classStringValue).
     */
     @implementation Test
     + (const char *) classStringValue;
     {
       return "This is the string value of the Test class";
     }
     @end
     
     /*
     * The main() function: pass a message to the Test class
     * and print the returned string.
     */
     int main(void)
     {
       printf("%s\n", [Test classStringValue]);
       return 0;
     }
   
   
   
   


3. 編譯與測試
   
   
   
   • # mkdir test ; cd test ;
   
   
   • # vim GNUmakefile (內容如上)
   
   
   • # vim source.m (內容如上)
   
   
   • # make ;
   
   
   • # ./obj/LogTest
     
     
     
     
     • 輸出結果：This is the string value of the Test class
     
     
     
     
   
   
   
   


4. 參考資料
   
   
   
   • Objective-C GNUstep Base Programming Manual: Introduction - 1.5 Building Your First Objective-C Program
   
   
   • Ubuntu 下 Objective-C 开发环境
   
   
   • Learn Objective-C on Ubuntu
   
   
   
   

 

Learn Objective-C on Ubuntu